534-000	Industrial Hydraulics Manual
534-001	Industrial Hydraulics Handbook

FULL INDEX

SECTION 1 HYDRAULIC PRINCIPLES	SECTION 2 FLUIDS	SECTION 3 PIPING
Force Area Pressure Pressure Definition Head Pressure Gage & Absolute Pressure Pressure Units Force-Area-Pressure Pascals Law Force Multiplication Pressure Intensification Creating Pressure Pressure to Move Load Flow of Liquids Flow through Orifice Flow Rate Measurement Volume Measurement Actuator (cylinder) Speed Flow Velocity Measurement Changing Pipe Size Laminar & Turbulent Flow Flow Intensification Parallel Flow Path Series Flow Path Bernoulli's Equation Energy, Torque, Power Energy Torque Power Heat Generation Heat Dissipation Graphical Symbols	Fluid Functions Fluid Properties Viscosity Measuring Viscosity Viscosity Index Choosing Correct Viscosity Pour Point/Cloud Point Flash Point/Fire Point Oxidation Resistance Corrosion Prevention Demulsibility Fluid Types Petroleum Based Biodegradable Fluids Fluid Contamination Contamination Sources Measuring Contamination Specifying Level Allowable Level Filters Filtration Efficiency Filtering Media Handling Fluids Sampling and Testing	Piping Sizes and Schedules Piping Pressure Pipe Fittings Pipe Threads Pipe Threading Tubing Tubing Materials Tubing Fittings Flareless Fittings Welded Fittings Tubing Pressure Tubing Installation Flexible Hose Flexible Hose Sizes Flexible Hose Installation Flexible Hose Assemblies Connecting Components N.P.T. Connections SE Straight Thread O-Ring Flange Other Threads
SECTION 4 ACCESSORIES	SECTION 5 PUMPS	SECTION 6 ACTUATORS
Reservoirs Function, Size, Shape Connections, Fittings Reservoir Features Accumulators Weight Loaded Spring Loaded Gas Loaded Piston Type Bladder Type Intensifiers Pressure Gages Pressure Switches Heat Exchangers Shell and Tube Radiating Type Immersion Type	Pumping Principles Displacement Fixed and Variable Pump Volumetric Efficiency Mechanical Efficiency Overall Efficiency Pump Pressure Rating Gear Type Pumps External Gear Pump Internal Gear Pump Sliding Vane Pump Fixed Displacement Vane Variable Displacement Vane Piston Type Pumps In-Line Axial Piston Fixed In-Line Axial Variable In-Line Axial Bent Axis Axial Radial Piston Pump Radial-Rotating Block Radial-Rotating Cam	Actuator Function Linear Actuators (cylinders) Cylinder Rating Single Acting Cylinder Double Acting Cylinder Telescoping Cylinder Tandem Cylinder Duplex Cylinder Cylinder Cushions Stop Tube Rod Scraper Dynamic Cylinder Seals Piston Rod Bushing Cylinder Mounting Cylinder Sealing Problems Piston Rod Seal Leaks Piston to Cylinder Leaks Piston Drift Pressure Intensification Piston Speed Decrease Piston Speed Increase Checking for Leaks Rotary Actuators Motor Performance Rating Displacement Flow and Speed Torque Pressure Gear Motors External Gear Motor Internal Gear Motor Direct Gerotor Motor Orbiting Gerotor Motor Vane Motors In Line Axial Piston Motor Bent Axis Axial Piston Motor Radial Piston Motor Rotating Cylinder Block Stationary Cylinder Block Direction of Rotation Hydraulic Motor Wear
SECTION 7 BASIC CONTROL VALVES	SECTION 8 CARTRIDGE VALVES	SECTION 9 PROPORTIONAL AND SERVO VALVES
Pressure Control Relief Valves Direct Acting Relief Pilot Operated Relief Relief Valve Venting Unloading Valves Two Pump Unloading Accumulator Charging Sequence Valves Counterbalance Valves Overcenter Valves Brake Valves Pressure Reducing Valves Direction Control Valves Check Valves Simple Check Valve Restriction Check Valve Pilot-to-Open Check Valve Pilot-to-Close Check Valve Sliding Spool Valves Sliding Spool Graphic Symbols Two & Three Position Spools Closed Center Spools Open Center Spools Tandem Center Spools Float Center Spools Other Center Spools Spring Centered Spools Spring Offset spools Detent Spool Position Methods of Direct Actuation Manual Actuation Mechanical Actuation Electrical Actuation Types of Solenoids Pneumatic Actuation Hydraulic Actuation Pilot Pressure Controlling Spool Speed Limiting Spool Stroke Flow Control Non-Pressure Compensated Pressure Compensated Control Bypass Type Control Temperature Control Sharp Edged Orifice Metallic Rod Actuator Speed Control Meter-in (Restrictor) Meter-in (Bypass) Meter-out Circuit Bleed-off Circuit	Introduction Cartridge Valve Sizes Slip-in Cartridge Valves Basic Operation Balanced Poppet Area Ratios Slip-in Valve Use Check Valve Four-Way Control Relief Valve Pressure Reducing Non-Compensated Control By-Pass Flow Control Restrictor Flow Control Screw-in Cartridge Valves Two-Way Control Pilot Operated Relief Direct Acting Reducing Pressure Compensated By-Pass Pressure Compensated Restrictor	Introduction Closed Loop System Open Loop System Proportional Valves Force Controlled Solenoids Stroke Controlled Solenoids Proportional Pressure Control Pressure Relief Pressure Reducing Proportional Directional Control Proportional Direction Spools Proportional Flow Control Servo Valves Mechanical Servo Electro-Hydraulic Servo Pilot Operated Servo Flapper Nozzle Servo Jet Pipe Servo
SECTION 10 TROUBLESHOOTING	SECTION 11 TABLES AND CONVERSIONS	SECTION 12 ISO SYMBOLS
Introduction General Knowledge Symbols and Schematics Component Function Component Identification Electrical Circuit Analysis Safety Shut Down Procedure Dismantling Equipment Checking the System Checking Pressure Checking Flow Checking Fluid Systematic Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Tables No Movement Speed Too High/Slow Movement Erratic Force/Torque Too High/Low Incorrect Pressure Incorrect Flow Excessive Heat Excessive Noise Cavitation Actuator Wear Hydraulic Motors Hydraulic Cylinder Leakage	Metric SI Conversions Inch - Millimetre Equivalents Metric SI Prefixes Equivalent Tables Twist Drill Sizes Tap Drill Sizes Steel Pipe Dimensions Pipe Thread Dimensions Pipe Thread Allowance Pipe Stress Values Pipe Pressure Ratings Pipe Flow Rates Pipe Thread Comparisons Tube Wall Thickness Tube Pressure Rating Fluid Velocities Fluid Viscosity Viscosity Conversion Metal Properties Useful Formulae Fluid Power Formulae	Basic Symbols Pumps/Compressors/Motors Pump/Motor Units Telescoping Cylinders Directional Control Vales Pressure Controlled Valves Flow Controlled Valves Energy Sources/Connections Reservoirs Miscellaneous Apparatus Control Mechanisms Supplementary Equipment

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